Technological Process and Infrastructure The process of converting the original Montel manuscript to a TEI-encoded document occurred in several stages. With permission from the director of Digital Initiatives and Services, I began by photographing each page of the Newberry Library’s manuscript.

This stage in particular was more time consuming than it might have been if I had access to more resources. Given the cost to produce digital images through the Library, I opted to take the photos myself and was thus limited to the hours of the Newberry’s Special Collections Reading Room. After collecting my images in JPEG format, I converted each to a PDF before beginning Optical Character Recognition (OCR) through Google Drive, which uses computer algorithms to convert images into text documents. Following the OCR process, I merged each of the text files into one working document and began cleaning errors from OCR, which commonly included missed apostrophes, lowercase “l”s changed to number “1”s, and exclamation marks replaced with colons.

1 Edward Said, “Orientalism”, in: Literary Theory: An Anthology, eds. Julie Rivkin and Michael Ryan (Oxford: Blackwell Publishers, 1998), p. 2 Evelyn Baring, Lord Cromer. (available at: www.columbia.edu/~hds2/learning/Learning_from_shogun_txt.pdf). 7 Catharine Parr Traill mentions at least two stories told. The literary theory in a strict sense is the systematic study of the nature of literature and of the methods for analyzing literature. However, literary scholarship since the 19th century often includes—in addition to, or even instead of literary theory in the strict sense—considerations of intellectual history, moral philosophy, social. And theories from the early twentieth century to the present as these bear on literary analysis. You will examine a range of related issues. Conduct research in the area of contemporary critical theory. Write a clear and fluent essay. Anthology, 2nd Edition 2nd Edition, eds. Julie Rivkin, Michael Ryan (Blackwell. Image Source:Class. In the comment. The Rivkin and Ryan anthology contains your collection of primary sources about literary theory as written by the pioneers and theorists who helped develop them. Use the articles from the.

After minimizing the errors in my document, I worked with collaborators to create a markup schema that would make the text of Montel no longer just digital, but also machine-readable. In accordance with common practices in most digital humanities projects, we opted to use the, which provides standardized encoding practices for machine-readable texts in the humanities (TEI: Home). TEI is carried out using Extensible Markup Language (XML), a formal model based on “ordered hierarchies” (Birnbaum). The use of “ordered hierarchies,” which are less formally known as trees, simply suggests there is a logic behind how a text is encoded (Birnbaum). For example: you can mark up chapters of a novel with tags to tell the computer that these chapters are smaller divisions of one source text. Within each tag, you can have tags to indicate individual paragraphs.

Since the tag is a smaller element than a tag, tags must go within the tags; you cannot have a tag that encompasses anything outside of one set of tags. Accordingly, if you encode one paragraph within a chapter, you also must encode every other paragraph within that chapter in order to have well-formed TEI and to indicate that each of the smaller elements (paragraphs) belong to a larger element (a chapter). With this understanding, XML is used for two primary reasons in the digital humanities: documents (like books) traditionally have a natural hierarchy, making it easy to map this onto the “ordered hierarchies” of XML; and computers can analyze and manipulate trees more efficiently than non-hierarchical texts (Birnbaum). Install Openwrt On X86 Pc more. Lost 5x02 Ita Download Games. The Gladys Fornell Project employs TEI for multiple reasons within the corpus of text. On one level, the markup functions structurally, such as in the example above, where it differentiates elements like paragraphs or renders all quoted speech with a uniform appearance. This structural markup inherently transforms the text from its original form, a typescript manuscript, to an interpretation of this manuscript, filtered through my own lens to weigh the importance of individual elements of the text.

On a second level, the markup functions as interpretative analysis. I created a series of with corresponding tags to make visible my interest in representations of femininity and their relationship with place in Montel. This was useful in allowing me examine the text categorically, e.g. Separating “constraint” into “mechanical,” “clothing,” domestic,” and “literal,” but also challenging in the need to create categories and their more specific interpretations. While there could be some overlap between categories (for example: I have included under for both representations of femininity and religious icon) and a phrase can be encoded with multiple tags (marking up the phrase “[Alice] believed in God and in the Immaculate Conception” using the two aforementioned types of “angelic”), I was limited in my ability to weight these tags (the phrase is more an angelic representation of femininity than it is an angelic religious icon) and potentially clarify ambiguity in assigning a phrase to two broad categories. The ability to categorize a phrase using multiple types, encoded in the corpus using, minimized the overall need for a weighted markup schema at this level of encoding.